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Pictures from Maine

Jul 2026 | Alternate Processes, Artists, Color Photography, History of Photography, Painters|Photographers, Photographic Postcards, Significant Photographers, Unknown Photographers

Steuben, 2024: “Clammer Heading Out, Pre-Dawn”. In early morning fog, a clammer pushes his skiff off at low tide on the shoreline of Pigeon Hill Bay as a gull sweeps in low. Photo by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Right: “After the Storm, Vinalhaven, 1938-1939”, oil on Academy board, Marsden Hartley, American, 1877-1943. Excerpt from wall text: “Like many of Marsden Hartley’s late marine landscapes, After the Storm, Vinalhaven expresses the artists sympathetic response to the elemental strength of his native land. The subject is the rocky seacoast in the vicinity of Vinalhaven Island in Maine’s Penobscot Bay. In the foreground, wind-whipped waves lash unyielding score, storm clouds pass overhead, and, in the distance, a pine-covered broods in solid silence.” Collection: Bowdoin College Museum of Art

Why do certain places exert a unique hold on someone’s artistic sensibilities? Given chance or opportunity, children can even find themselves in the grasp of forces they may not realize are shaping a future career. When I was a kid, my brother and I set off to Camp Idlewild, located on an island in New Hampshire’s Lake Winnipesaukee. We spent a month away that summer: a big step up from our local YMCA day camp experience. My mother later told me she cried after dropping us off after she and my father returned to the ferry landing in Wolfeboro. I remember her telling me she thought she had made a mistake. But that month would turn out to be one of the best in my life. I was happy to be on my own for the first time, albeit surrounded by several hundred other campers. The many diversions, including the much anticipated boat ride aboard the camp’s sleek wooden powerboat, the Riot, were icing on the cake. I vaguely remember toting around a Kodak 110 Instamatic that first summer, but there were certainly no prize-winners when the pictures came back from the drug store.

My second overnight camp experience was altogether different. By this time, around 15, I was in love with the quirky art stylings of cartoonist Don Martin, whose Mad Magazine caricatures I emulated in Testors model paint on the top of my camp trunk. I remember my counselor making positive small talk about the paintings after my parents dropped me off at Camp Netop, located in Casco, Maine. Perhaps the destiny of my becoming a great artist awaited? Not exactly, but Netop did change my life.

Little Good Harbor, Maine, 1905–1912, Fred Holland Day, American, 1864–1933, cyanotype. Collection: Worcester Art Museum. Right: Little Good Harbor, Low Tide, 2018. Photo by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Located near the mouth of the Sheepscot River at Five Islands, Georgetown, Maine, Little Good Harbor was the location of photographer Fred Holland Day’s summer home, built in 1912. Author Patricia Fanning, writing in 2001, gives a summary of the property: “Beginning in 1898, Day spent summers at a retreat he called Little Good Harbor near Five Islands, Maine. Because of Day, the bucolic setting became a kind of artist’s colony for his friends and their families. Among the photographers who visited were Gertrude Kasebier, Alvin Langdon Coburn, George Seeley, and Clarence White, who himself opened a summer photography school a few miles from Day’s property. The area was also popular among Day’s inner-city proteges. ( In 1912, Day built a large, Swiss-style chalet to house his numerous guests.) Day’s “camp” was informally fashioned after the programs for disadvantaged youth then popular in New York and Boston, and perhaps was inspired by similar camps run by the Episcopalian Sisters of St. Margaret and Cowley Fathers, with whom Day was closely associated. All visitors enjoyed boating, swimming, reading, board games and, of course, photography. Sailor suits were worn by all to eliminate any trace of social inequality or privilege.” Fanning, Patricia J. (2001). Cultural Commentary: The Pied Piper of Parmenter Street – The Philanthropic Work of F. Holland Day. Bridgewater Review, 20(1), 12-13.

That change was instigated by an actual darkroom located strategically next to the stage area of the main lodge, a former cavernous dance hall built in the 1920s. As it turned out, the camp co-founder, David Webster, a former elementary and junior high school science teacher who everybody called Sparky (his camp bonfires a specialty), had published the book Photo Fun: an Idea book for Shutterbugs, in 1973, about 5 years before I showed up that summer. Besides all the other typical camp activities like swimming, archery, riflery and even minibikes (the most popular by a mile), taking pictures around camp, developing the film and printing the photos was an actual camp activity. I was smitten. The editorial staff at Mad would have to wait. I was on my way to becoming a photographer.

Sparky’s advice in the book’s introduction gave encouragement to kids like myself: “The only way to become a good photographer is to take lots of pictures and note what seems to bring the best results. So load your camera and start snapping away. Have fun!” The book included several photos of Netop campers at play, and I fondly remembered Sparky’s son Doug later recreating one of the photos with his camera from the “Trick Photography” chapter. As I and another camper lined up in the outfield of the baseball field, a fellow camper in the foreground pretended to “hold us up” using his outstretched hands—pre-digital technology magic for this teenager to contemplate.

Through the years, I have continually renewed that early connection with the state of Maine. Besides being known as Vacationland, a tourism slogan appearing on Pine Tree state license plates since 1936, artists and photographers have journeyed here in order to seek creativity since at least the mid 19th century. Its rugged tidal coastlines and islands, natural wonders and changing light never cease to inspire those seeking artistic growth, a change in life or reason to seek a new chapter.

Enjoy these pictures from (mostly coastal) Maine, spanning the outer reaches of the Midcoast region up to my personal favorite, Downeast. With a few of my own snaps to give a flavor of modern times, the fruits of long-ago masters of the brush are showcased with photographs by anonymous amateurs on summer holiday. Maine also holds an important place in the history of photography. On Georgetown Island, the summer beachhead of what became the very first school of artistic photography, the Seguinland School of Photography, was established in 1910 by Clarence White. I paid a visit to what remains, as well as the grounds of The Chalet at Little Good Harbor up the coast, built by White’s fellow summer school teacher/critic Fred Holland Day in 1912.

The Clarence White family also put down long time summer roots in Georgetown when White purchased a coastal building lot and old farmhouse in 1910 close to his school. I’ve included correspondence from my 2018 email exchange with the Georgetown Historical Society, who confirmed my photo showing the former “Popple Beach” location of the home. Demolished and replaced by a new home in the early 1990s, the ghosts of White’s legacy and those photographic documents of his students depicting this rugged coastal retreat remain, with summer visitors in the present continuing to enjoy the coastal views from the porch of the former Sequinland Hotel— the former location of White’s school today known as the Grey Havens Inn. —David Spencer, July 2026

Inset: Maynard White in Sailor Suit Standing Beside a Column on Pergola, 1914, Fred Holland Day, American, 1864–1933, cyanotype. Collection: Library of Congress. See other cyanotypes held by LOC of the pergola construction. Maynard Pressley White, 1896-1961. White went on to receive his B.S. degree in Civil Engineering from Brown in 1920 and a masters in Paleontology from Columbia University in 1922, as well as Ph.D. He was a geologist and paleontologist for various oil companies. Right: F. Holland Day House Entrance Sign, Georgetown, ME, 2018. Privately owned, the former summer home of Fred Holland Day has been used as a wellness retreat. Photo by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

The Chalet Looking Northeast, Little Good Harbor, Maine, (left and middle pane of triptych) 1912 or 1913, Fred Holland Day, American, 1864–1933, b&w film copy negative from album held by Library of Congress: Little Good Harbor records, vol. 2, p. 48. Photographs by F. Holland Day and others. Designed by the Boston architectural firm Newhall & Blevins along with Day, this view from across Little Good Harbor shows the photographer’s summer home in Georgetown, ME known as the Chalet under construction and at right, the pergola. Also see: F. Holland Day’s Country House, Little Good Harbor, October 1912Bottom Left & Right: From 2018, an exterior view of the Chalet, as well as the pergola, located on the original footprint. David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive.

Isleboro, 2023: Photographing Sunrise from Cabin. Middle: Early Morning Figure, Cushing, 2022. Right: Weathered Clapboards & Sky, Pleasant Point, Cushing, ME, 2022. One need not go far for photographic inspiration in Maine. Oftentimes, the interior of your rental accommodation or grounds will produce memorable views. Photos by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Top Left: Beating Out to Sea, 1913, oil on board, George Wesley Bellows, American, 1882-1925. Excerpt from wall text: “A student of Robert Henri’s, Bellows was inspired by his teacher’s enthusiasm for Monhegan, visiting the island for the first time in 1911….The rugged environment of Mohegan appealed to Bellows. He wrote to his wife Emma, “The island is endless in its wonderful variety. It’s possessed of enough beauty to supply a continent.” During the summer of 1913, when this work was painted, Bellows completed 125 works on Monhegan, 42 of them in one month.” Collection: Farnsworth Art Museum, Rockland, ME. Top Right: Monhegan Light, 1936, Warner Taylor, American, 1880-1958, gelatin silver print, 35.4 x 27.8 cm, unmounted. On Maine’s Monhegan Island, the Monhegan Lighthouse, with light beaming outwards from its fresnel lens at full candlepower, and with a field of wildflowers making up the composition foreground, cuts through the darkness in this nighttime photograph taken before World War II, when the light was dimmed for wartime. From: PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom: Schooner’s Bowsprit, 1926, Edward Hopper, American, 1882-1967, watercolor on paper. Excerpt from wall text: “In the summer of 1926, Hopper and his wife Jo spent seven weeks in Rockland, a period that proved to be one of the most productive of his career. Writing his dealer Frank Rehn in New York, he described Rockland as “a very fine old place with lots of good looking houses but not much shipping.” Hopper favored subjects that recalled the past in the present; here the hull of an abandoned schooner, a relic of days when Rockland was a thriving commercial port.” Collection: Farnsworth Art Museum, Rockland, ME.

Top Left: Monhegan Island Visitors, 2022. Near the ferry landing on Monhegan Island, a visitor at center lines up a photo of neighboring Manana Island across from Monhegan Harbor. Located approximately 12 nautical miles off the coast of Maine and part of Lincoln County, the island at 4.5 square miles is renowned as one of America’s oldest and most influential artist colonies. Summer month visitors vastly outnumber the locals, counted as 64 people during the 2020 US Census. Lower Left & Middle: Chair on Steps, 2022. This ladderback chair serves guard duty in front of a private Monhegan Island residence; Flowers & Homes, 2022,  flowers can be seen just about everywhere on Monhegan. Monhegan and Manana islands form “a unique maritime community that balances historical preservation, environmental conservation, and sustainable tourism.” Right: Sketching on Monhegan Island, ca. 1900-1910, unknown American photographer, cyanotype, 11.8 x 9.3 | 12.6 x 9.9 cm. The Monhegan Museum, which holds a black & white variant of this image, identifies the three people shown, all American artists. Seated while sketching is Eric Hudson, (1864-1932); leaning over him is Alice Swett, (1846-1916) while Maud Briggs Knowlton (1870-1956) stands at far right. Knowlton and Swett were the first two women artists in the Monhegan Island artists’ colony, while maritime painter Eric Hudson’s work and papers can be found at the Smithsonian. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Former White Family Property, “Popple Beach”, Georgetown, ME, 2018. Shrouded by trees at far right center is where American photographer Clarence Hudson White rebuilt a derelict farm house and had it winched closer to the coast overlooking the mouth of the Sheepscot River in 1910. The White family retained the property until 1990, when Ruth Royer White passed. Jeanne McGowan, former president of the Georgetown Historical Society and a close friend and former neighbor of the White family, corresponded with PhotoSeed in 2018, giving the following details of the White property: “The White house originally sat at the corner of what is now Seguinland Road and White Road. About 1910 Clarence and Jane purchased the farmhouse from Walter Reid and moved it closer to the water, using local talent to do so. Mr. Reid had purchased it from a local family as a part of his plan to develop that area of the island. In fact, the Grey Havens Inn was the first part of that plan although Mr. Reid called it the Seguinland Hotel. …After the move, a “tower” was added to the house by the Whites which served as an office for both Clarence Sr. and Clarence Jr. The house stayed in the White family through Clarence Jr’s life and then that of his wife, Ruth Royer White who died in 1990. They moved to Georgetown in the 1970s and lived there full-time. Clarence’s nephew Maynard inherited the house and after some years sold it to the current owner. It was she who demolished the White house and built a new home closer to the water. Ruth White confirmed to my husband and me that the Whites were the ones who named their shorefront Popple Beach because of the large rocks that comprised the shore. Time and tide have changed that somewhat. In fact, Ruth White told us that there was once a “crib wharf” made of rocks. Whatever it’s size and shape, such a wharf would have been there a relatively short time given the wave/water action at that location at the mouth of the Sheepscot River.” Today, this now private property can only be seen from the coastal northern boundary of Reid State Park. Photo by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Right: The Bath Tub, Maine Coast, ca. 1921, Clarence Hudson White, American, 1871–1925, Gum bichromate on palladium print with wash. Collection: Princeton Museum of Art, Princeton, N.J. (further inscribed on matt verso: Rocks at Georgetown, Maine – about 1921)

Advertising Material: Seguinland School of Photography: The very first school devoted to artistic photography was founded in 1910 by Clarence White as The Seguinland School of Photography, located in coastal Georgetown, Maine at the head of the Sheepscot River. The Library of Congress notes the school: “was housed in a hotel, which was to be part of the new “Seguinland” resort on the mid-coast of Maine near Georgetown and Seguin Island. Pictorialist photographer F. Holland Day, who summered nearby, had earlier invited White and his family to the area for a respite from the city and the opportunity to explore creative photography outdoors. The fellowship between the two photographers and their families was an important factor in White’s decision to start the summer school. Students wore sailor suits, a practice begun by Day and his summer guests, and boarded at the Seguinland Hotel. Day regularly conducted critiques for White’s students, as on occasion did New York photographer Gertrude Käsebier.Left: Fifth Season advertisement, published full page (25.5 x 20.3 cm) in Platinum Print: A Journal of Personal Expression, New York, December, 1913. (PhotoSeed Archive) Middle: First Summer School, Five Islands, Maine, 1910, Clarence Hudson White, American, 1871–1925, platinum print: Collection, Museum of Modern Art, New York, N.Y. Dressed in a sailor suit, Clarence White sits at the far end of a communal table along with students attending the first year of his Seguinland School of Photography. Top Right: Advertisement drawing attention to Clarence H. White, notifying subscribers to Camera Work, XXX, April 1910 that he “will conduct classes in photography at Seguinland, Maine, (Post Office, Five Islands, Me.) from July 5th to 26th, 1910.” Lower Right: In 1915, during the sixth and final year of White’s summer school in Maine before moving to East Canaan, Connecticut, the school was marketing itself as The Clarence H. White School of Modern Photography. Advertisement in Platinum Print: A Journal of Personal Expression, New York, Vol. 2, No. 1, 1915. (PhotoSeed Archive)

Upper Left: Visitors on Grounds of Grey Havens Inn, Georgetown, ME, 2018. This shingle style hotel was built in 1904 by Georgetown native Walter E. Reid (1869 -1955) as part of his Seguinland Cottage Company, a Georgetown real estate development firm with plans to develop 1500 acres around the hotel as a new summer resort. The hotel was used by summer students of the Clarence White-founded Seguinland School of Photography. In 1910, an ad in Camera Work gave students a special rate for one week of hotel room and board for $12.00. Reid made a name and fortune for himself first with the American Tobacco Company and later as director of the Mack Truck Company from 1927-1951. A life of local philanthropy followed, his significant holdings in Mack Truck giving him the means to initially donate 350 acres of land to the state of Maine in 1946. Named in memory to his parents, Reid State Park—close to the hotel— opened in Georgetown in 1950, the state’s first public recreational park on the ocean. Video history of Walter E. Reid. Middle Left: Historic photographs from about 1920 showing a steamboat at the Five Islands wharf: how visitors arrived and departed for the the hotel; a frontal view of the hotel described in a scrapbook held by the property as “Awnings Gone – Upper Deck Intact“. Lower Left: Listed on the National Historic Register in 1985, hotel visitors can enjoy seating looking at to the mouth of Harmon’s Harbor, an inlet off the Sheepscot River. (David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive) Right: In this c. 1913 platinum print by Sequinland School of Photography student Gertrude L. Brown, the porch of the nearby Pilot House on the hotel grounds becomes an extended classroom space. School founder Clarence White, in sailor suit seated at background middle, converses with Gertrude Käsebier at right, surrounded by students. Collection: Library of Congress.

Upper Left: The Pilot House, Georgetown, ME, 2018. The likely domicile of former steam launch or boat pilots who maneuvered the rocky shoreline of nearby Harmon’s Harbor while ferrying guests to the Sequinland Hotel, this home was rented by Clarence White after 1912 for use as a darkroom, studio and classroom space for the Seguinland School of Photography through 1915. (David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive) Lower Left: Untitled {Architectural study at night}, 1915, Margaret DeMotte Brown, American, 1880-1959, platinum print from Class of 1915 Album. The Pilot house is seen in this nighttime view, the structure today noticeably altered by the placement of a new chimney stack and permanent porch overhang. Collection: Princeton University Art Museum. Right: Clarence White critiquing students at the Sequinland Summer School, 1915, Edith R. Wilson, American, 1864-1924, platinum print from Class of 1915 Album. Historian Anne McCauley, in her fine 2017 volume Clarence H. White and His World: The Art and Craft of Photography, 1895-1925, describes some of the conditions students of the school faced at Sequinland: “For photographers, the implementation of classes in a rural location like coastal Maine was considerably more difficult, since neither running water (vital for processing) nor electricity was available. Well water was pumped, shooting was done in daylight, and sun printing was normal for platinum and gum printing (bromide enlargements were possible with lantern light). (p. 250) Collection: Princeton University Art Museum.

The Red, White & Blue of a Maine Summer: Cushing, 2022: Lobsters Steamed, Pound Direct. Middle: Steamers & Corn, Bar Harbor, ME, 2019. Right: Wild Blueberry Land Sign, Columbia Falls, ME, 2024. Photos by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Summer Camp Scenes, Sunday Bible Drama : Camp Sidney Lanier, 1916, Margaret Watkins , Canadian, 1884-1969, gelatin silver print, 15.5 x 20.8 cm. Known as “primitive dramas” , these campers act out a Bible drama written by Sidney Lanier Jr. (1870-1918) in the camps woods. Likely dating to 1916, this and two other known photographs by Watkins were taken at Camp Sidney Lanier, located in Eliot, Maine from 1908-1940. In 1914, Watkins had attended a six-week session of the Clarence H. White Summer School of Photography (Sequinland School of Photography) at Georgetown, ME, eventually teaching at the school in CT and New York City beginning in 1917. Right: Mermaid Study : Submerged, (detail) 1914, Charlotte Vetter Gulick, American, 1865-1928, gelatin silver print, 8.4 x 10.8 | 16.7 x 22.7 cm gray art paper. The subject of this photograph, a person shown underwater, was something rarely if ever photographed, at least successfully, from this time period. Most likely taken with a hand-camera, the swimmer is Katharine “Kitty” Gulick, (1895-1968) youngest daughter of photographer and Wohelo camp founder Charlotte Vetter Gulick. She and husband Luther Halsey Gulick (1865-1918) founded the camp in 1907, located on the shores of Sebago Lake in Raymond, Maine. Wohelo Camps continue to operate in the present day. (2026) Both: PhotoSeed Archive

Top Left: Isleboro, 2023: Sailboat Reflection. David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Top Right: In Port (Rockland Maine), 1931, Hermann C. Lythgoe, American, 1874-1962, unmounted bromoil print, 27.7 x 35.2 cm. Reflections from the hulls of two large sailboats and their mooring lines are seen in the harbor at Rockland. PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom: Bottom: The Fitzgerald Dory, Monhegan Island, 2022. Known as The Command, this dory, once owned by Monhegan artist James Fitzgerald, (1899-1971) sits on the grounds of the Monhegan Island Light station. A plate attached to the boat: (excerpt) Fitzgerald “developed a deep appreciation for the beauty and seaworthiness of a dory when he joined the crew of the schooner Elizabeth Howard in 1923. In 1963, he purchased this dory from the captain of a seine boat that had tied up at Monhegan Wharf. Naming it The Command, Fitzgerald often used the dory as a model for his artwork.” David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Scenes from Prouts Neck: Left: Young people Dressed for Summer at Prouts Neck, Maine, ca. 1890, unknown American photographer, cyanotype on leaf contained within album, 8.8 x 11.5 | 15.5 x 18.0 cm. The following lines are inscribed with this photograph, the early references being large Summer hotels that once operated in Prouts Neck, often catering to those from society. “Oh! giddy youth of Checkley | Oh! West Point’s thoughtless band | Oh! Cammock’s, Willow’s, Kayler’s | Oh! Cottages inland | At haycart drive or clambake | At tennis or base ball : When sporting on the surf-beach | Or sailing in Homer’s (?) yawl | When fun grows fast and furious | At concert, dance or rout | Think neath your feet is lying | The dust of good old Prout.” Circular photographs consistent with Original or No. 1 model Kodak also included in this album, giving indication of assigned date. From: PhotoSeed Archive. Top Right: Prouts Neck Surf, 1905, unknown American photographer “M.C. A.”, cyanotype, undivided back rppc, 8.6 x 13.8 cm. Mailed from Union, N.H. to Miss Ina M. Allen of Westbrook, ME, “M.C. A.” writes on recto: “I know your hobby for these prints, so here goes. This is a scene fro Prout’s Neck, I believe, rather pretty I think. Will write Soon.” Bottom Right: A Bit of Prouts Neck, ca. 1905, Signed on recto by the unknown American photographer B.H.W., cyanotype rppc, not mailed, undivided back, 8.6 x 13.8 cm. In hand of photographer on recto: A bit of Prouts Neck | The bottom is the Clam beach | “The Willows” way along.” The Willows Hotel, also known as Sea View House, was established in Prouts Neck in 1871 by Benaiah Libby. (1814-1878) Both: PhotoSeed Archive

Steuben, 2024: “Lichen & White Rock”. Spied on Petit Manan Point shoreline on Pigeon Hill Bay, part of the Maine Coastal Island National Wildlife Refuge in Steuben, ME. Top Middle: Ribes glandulosum ? (skunk currant) & Fir Seedlings, Quoddy Head State Park, Lubec, ME, 2025. Top Right: Bleached Lobster Claw, Eastern Knubble Preserve, Cutler, ME., 2025. Bottom: Pulpit Rock at low Tide, Perry, ME, 2025. “Pulpit Rock is a sea stack, located between Mill Cove and Lewis Cove in the down east town of Perry on the Saint Croix River. A sea stack is an isolated, pillar-like rocky island, detached from the mainland by wave erosion (Bates and Jackson, 1984). Pulpit Rock was first noted in print by geologist C. T. Jackson in 1837 in his First Report on the Geology of the State of Maine. It has since been visited and described by a number of geologists. The area is noted for its high tides so it is imperative to plan a visit during a falling or low tide.” From: Maine Geologic Facts and Localities, Jan. 2016. All: Photos by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive.

Summer Maine Rentals: View labeled Cranberry Isles, Maine, 1899, detail: album-mounted gelatin silver print, Phillip Patterson Wells, American, 1868-1929, 8.3 x 8.1 | 16.5 x 21.5 cm. This view is believed to show Great Cranberry Island, one of the five islands comprising the Town of Cranberry Isles. Wells and his family spent the summer on the island. Top Right: Capt. Hadlocks house rented to us, 1899, detail: album-mounted cyanotype print, 8.5 x 8.5 | 16.5 x 21.5 cm. (Phillip Patterson Wells) Captain Gilbert T. Hadlock, (1837-1917) who served as a Captain of a Treasury Department Lifesaving Station (Predecessor of the US Coast Guard) and ran steamboats, rented this home to Dr. Wells and his family. One of his children can be seen on the front entrance step. The home burned down in 1915. Lower Right: Old wreck at Isleford, 1899, detail: album-mounted gelatin silver print, 8.5 x 8.5 | 16.5 x 21.5 cm. (Phillip Patterson Wells) The wreck of a large two-masted sailboat is beached in front of the Hadlock house, seen in background, far right. Another view of the home, from the Great Cranberry Island Historical Society. Dr. Wells was librarian and instructor at Yale Law School for several years, and chief law officer under Gifford Pinchot for the U. S. Forestry Service, 1907-1910, counsel National Conservation Association, 1910-1911, chief law officer U. S. Reclamation Service (Department of the Interior), 1911-1913. All: PhotoSeed Archive

Summer Sailing Excursion: Fleet at Bar Harbor, 1899, album-mounted gelatin silver print, left and cyanotype at right, Phillip Patterson Wells, American, 1868-1929, each: 8.3 x 8.1 | 16.5 x 21.5 cm. From an album of summer views labeled Isleford, 1899 assembled by Wells. These two photographs appear on opposite album pages and were taken moments apart on the deck of a Bar Harbor excursion ship. Notice the sailor standing at ease in photo at left while several fashionably dressed women in hats stand nearby. At right, a closer view of the unknown US Navy battleship seen off the main bow area. Both: PhotoSeed Archive

Rock Flower, Pemaquid, detail, ca. 1955-65, Clifford Williams, American, 1885-1971, watercolor on Fome-Cor type matrix, 54.0 x 53.6 cm. Likely depicting Seaside Goldenrod, (Solidago sempervirens) this abstract study of a rocky shoreline was done late in the artists career, and bears a deaccessioned label from the Providence Art Club of Rhode Island. Edith Clifford Williams was an early pioneer in the American abstract art movement. She was part of the circle that gathered around the photographer and modern art promoter Alfred Stieglitz. She was also a long-time confidante of Hu Shih (1891–1962), who was arguably the most prominent Chinese intellectual in the first half of the 20th century. Born in Ithaca, New York, Williams—who preferred to be known as Clifford—spent most of her girlhood in New Haven, Connecticut, where her father, Henry Shaler Williams, taught geology and paleontology at Yale University. After studying with the painter John Henry Twachtman and at Yale’s School of the Fine Arts, she traveled to Europe, and was enrolled briefly at the Académie Julian in Paris. Lower Left: Pemaquid, 1888, tissue photogravure, believed to be by Ernest Edwards, naturalized American, born England, 1836-1903, 10.8 x 18.6 | 25.3 x 30.5 cm. Pemaquid is a village within the town of Bristol, Maine, situated on the Pemaquid Peninsula, which extends into the Gulf of Maine. Lower Right: Nature Walk, Gilkey Harbor, Broad Point Preserve, Islesboro, ME, 2023. A large upended piece of driftwood becomes a readymade sculpture along the coastal trail at Broad Point Preserve, part of the Islesboro Islands Trust. David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Artistic Ghosts of Maine: Child in woods, Maine (Clarence H. White, Jr.?) ca. 1910–1915, Clarence Hudson White, American, 1871–1925, platinum print. Collection: Princeton Museum of Art, Princeton, N.J. Middle: Olson House Grounds & Wyeth Plot, Cushing, Maine, 2022. The late 1700’s Olson House, a National Historic Landmark that served as artistic meadow backdrop for Andrew Wyeth’s 1948 painting Christina’s World, is seen at center background along with the gravesite (front right) of American artist Andrew Wyeth (1917-2009) &  Betsey Wyeth. (1921-2020) The Museum of Modern Art, which owns the painting, states: “The title Christina’s World, courtesy of Wyeth’s wife, indicates that the painting is more a psychological landscape than a portrait, a portrayal of a state of mind rather than a place.” Anna Christina Olson, 1893-1968, the subject of the painting, is also buried here with other Olson family members. Right: Witches’ Wood, 1915-20, Bertrand H. Wentworth, American, 1869-1953, gelatin silver print, 34.9 x 27.1 cm. Most likely a self-portrait, Wentworth, from Gardiner, ME, spent time at the artists colony on Monhegan Island. He was described as a “master craftsman” affiliated with the Society of Arts and Crafts of Boston and marketed his work as The Wentworth Photographs. Learn more. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Nixon, 1973, Cushing, ME, 2022. Surprises are in store for intrepid visitors venturing off the well-worn tourist outposts in Maine. Sprouting from the reeds along the art trail of the Langlais Sculpture Preserve is former US President Richard Nixon carved in wood from a famous photograph. The work is by Maine artist Bernard Langlais, 1921-1977: “I don’t know if I’m called a constructivist, sculptor, or painter…But I wouldn’t mind being called a backwoodsman.” – Bernard Langlais, 1961. Photo by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Silent Beautiful: Old Deerfield of the Allen Sisters

Nov 2025 | Archive Highlights, Cameras, Childhood Photography, New Additions, Photographic Postcards, Significant Photographers

The Allen sisters of Deerfield: Frances Stebbins Allen at left, c. 1906 & Mary Electa Allen at right, c. 1913, (platinum prints) both: Courtesy Memorial Hall Museum, Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield, MA. Center: “Deerfield Street: Childs House”, c. 1900-1905, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, platinum print, unmounted, 15.1 x 20.3 cm. Huge elm trees, now lost, provide the canopy for Old Main st., known as “The Street”, in Old Deerfield village, the photographers long-time home. From: PhotoSeed Archive

“Green meadows stretched in the sunlight, with the horizon of the gently curving hills; a quiet street overarched by mighty elms-the rows of stately trunks and the branches meeting overhead, like the pillars and arches of a cathedral aisle; a path below in green shadow, with splashes of yellow light, this is old Deerfield.” Mary E. Allen, 1892

Left: a Massachusetts Tercentenary Commission sign erected in 1930 along the Old Main street in historic Deerfield marks the towns rich history, including the 1704 Raid on Deerfield by French and Native American forces leading to 47 deaths. Right: Visitors scoot across Old Main Street in front of the First Church of Deerfield, built in 1824. Known locally as the “Brick Church”, the present Unitarian congregation was originally established as The Congregational Church of Deerfield, 1673. Both: 2025 photos by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Frances Stebbins Allen (1854-1941) and younger sister Mary Electa Allen (1858-1941), self taught photographers who worked in the Pictorialist aesthetic, succeeded professionally in their vocation and lived long and fruitful lives, are today’s subject. Never marrying, their sibling bond sustained them through all of life’s challenges and rewards, and they died within four days of each other. Like many of their ancestors going back to the 17th century, the sisters life-long home was in Western Massachusetts, in the village of Deerfield, a place marked by a rich history including the trauma shaping Colonial America. The PhotoSeed archive is fortunate to own a small number of their original photographs, and after collecting ten more examples earlier this year, I decided to dig a bit deeper into their lives.

Hear the Frogs !” c. 1908, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, platinum print, unmounted, 15.6 x 20.1 cm. A little boy and girl stand holding hands while another sits overlooking the banks of the Deerfield River in the town. This work was shown in late 1908 along with 71 other photographs by the Allen sisters at The Art Institute of Chicago. From: PhotoSeed Archive

The “quiet street” described by Mary Allen in our opening quote, with the sisters photograph showing it at center, was the very street she and Frances lived on starting three years later in 1895. Her words evoke for the reader religious overtones: the imagery of a cathedral, an apt metaphor for the solidity of its “pillars and arches” being a stand-in for their historic New England town. In my mind, her description also extends to photography: these lines were the first for her article in the New England Magazine, which was illustrated by halftone photographs and line engravings also given credit to the author. The importance of light— “splashes of yellow light”—is another giveaway Mary Allen was already a keen observer of the medium’s innate etymological description of “drawing with light”. Ultimately, both the sisters’ lives would be shaped by forceful inner natures aided by Yankee grit, pluck and perseverance.

The Allen sisters issued seven catalogues listing their photographs for sale from 1904-20. Left: Catalogue cover: “Photographs by Frances & Mary Allen“, 1909. Credit: private collection. Middle & Right: opening page & cover: “Catalogue of Photographs by Frances & Mary Allen”, 1920, stapled, light blue paper covered wraps, 14.6 x 8.3 cm, 11 printed sides. Last catalogue issued. There are 556 photographs listed for sale in categories including Landscapes, Country Life, Children, Old Deerfield and others, with unmounted platinum prints in various sizes priced at .35¢ to $3.00 for the largest 11 x 14” print. Link to 1920 catalogue in collection. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Here’s a quote I came across defining the arc of their photographic accomplishments by Mel Allen, writing for Yankee Magazine in 2016:

For three decades, from the end of the 19th century into the early 1920s, the photographs made by two sisters, Frances Stebbins Allen and Mary Electa Allen, bathed the people and landscape in and around their home in Deerfield, Massachusetts, in a painterly, elegiac glow.

Photographic Sales & Exhibits: The Allen sisters marketed and sold photographs from a first floor parlor of their ancestral 18th Century saltbox in Deerfield from c. 1900 until 1935. Top: Allen house postcard around 1905: part of online presentation for Deerfield Arts & Crafts: In the Springfield Republican newspaper, a visitor impression from 1919: “We cross the road to enter the gray old house of the Misses Allen who make photographs. And there in a front room of the house are pictures enough to charm you as long as you can spare the time to look at them. The photographs are the finished work of artists in their handling of light and shadow and the accentuating of detail. The subjects are many.Screen grab: Courtesy Memorial Hall Museum, Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield, MA. Middle: Today, the former sales room in the Allen House has been converted back to a 18th century bedroom. The home can be visited as part of the Historic Deerfield experience. Photo: October, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom: The Village Room was the first Deerfield Arts & Crafts exhibition space. A detail from an 1899 photograph by the Allens shows various crafts and wares on display, including framed photographs on the walls by the sisters and Emma Coleman. Courtesy Memorial Hall Museum, Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, Deerfield, MA.

And this, from 1905, contrasting their efforts with painting:

Another author argued that, ‘the work of Miss Frances Allen and Miss Mary Allen…would be equally at home in this room or next door to the small gallery of paintings which Mr. Tack has hung in his studio. The Misses Allen use their camera in the same spirit with which a painter uses his brush, and their sense of composition, of the dramatic moment, is as eminent a qualification for their work as for his.’”(1.)

Top: “Allen House, Side View”, c. 1910?,  gelatin silver rppc, AZO stamp box, c. 1918-30, Charles H. Howard, American, 8.7 x 13.8 cm, #41 from series: “Photographic Post Cards of Old Deerfield, Mass., sold by Mary Wells Childs of Deerfield, published by Charles H. Howard, Northampton, Mass.” The woman standing at right is believed to be one of the Allen sisters. Before marketing postcards, Childs made bayberry candles in 1908 and sold rag rugs in 1912 as part of the Society of Deerfield Industries. Historic Buildings of Massachusetts states the Allen House dates to 1734, and “ the land was originally owned by Simon and Hannah Beaman, who had been captured during the raid. The house was occupied by the Bardwell family and then by the Allen family, after the 1842 marriage of Catherine Elizabeth Bardwell and Caleb Allen. In 1896, Caleb Bardwell’s nieces, Frances and Mary Allen, with their mother took possession of the house.” From: PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom: left & right: Two modern views of the home taken in June, 2025: side view and frontal view. Photos by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

I agree with both assessments summing up their talents, but there is so much more the Allen sisters can teach us in the second decade of the 21st century. One attribute: determination. Although it was not cited often, other than brief mentions in secondary sources, (as surely the sisters would have wanted it) their deafness, in my opinion, actually enabled them in their art. After the onset of deafness in the mid 1880s—a shocking change that led to both abandoning brief teaching careers around 1884–a new career path of professional photography took hold in 1888.

The idea that one of the human senses disrupted in life could also be perceived as an advantage lends itself to a working theory of why the sisters’ work endures to the present. At the outset of pictorial photography, in the 1890s, rules for the artistic sensibilities of the medium were still being figured out.  It’s well understood that the loss of one of the five basic human senses of sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch can strengthen the remaining senses. I even looked it up: Neuroplasticity is the scientific name for when those affected areas of the brain are repurposed to enhance a person’s other senses. A possibility perhaps for the Allens but one which might give a clue to their determination and flexibility enabling a profound body of historical photography that still matters today.

The Allen House: Rear Views: Top Left: “Winter Moonlight”, c. 1906, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, platinum print, unmounted, 20.8 x 15.6 cm. An unusual night-time view of the photographers home. Notice the footprints in snow at foreground. Before altered with a central chimney by Henry Flynt in 1945, the home was subdivided into two living quarters: notice the separate chimneys and lack of dormer windows compared to the modern-day view at right, taken June, 2025. A single dormer window appears in another Allen sisters photo at UMass Amherst dated c. 1913. From: PhotoSeed Archive. Right: David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom: “Back of Allen house, Deerfield”, c. 1913, gelatin silver rppc, September 13, 1916 postal cancellation, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, 8.6 x 13.8 cm. From the 2002 volume “The Allen Sisters Pictorial Photographers 1885-1920”: “The vine-covered porch at the far end of the ell, known as the “Cabin,” was the location for many portrait and figure studies. In 1903, the Allens added a new developing room to their home on the second floor above the shed.”( p. 29) From: PhotoSeed Archive

This line of thinking could lead to a reasoning where the Allen sisters enabled vision comes into play. The adage of “trusting your eye” is perhaps the best advice anyone can give a collector considering an artist’s work.  In my mind, their photographs elicit a humanity and beautiful sense of place setting it apart from most of their contemporaries. Just look at the joy of humanity in some of their select works, as well as some of their chiaroscuro landscapes shown in this post. On a basic level, they perfected the craft of photography in a silent world. But this disability most assuredly did not prevent their great success. After coming to the attention of American photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston in the mid 1890s, the sisters were soon earning many steady assignments from national magazines such as Good Housekeeping and others- particularly for their endearing studies of children posed in and around their Old Deerfield neighborhood.

The Street for Arts & Crafts: Left: “The Street: Joseph Stebbins House: Deerfield, MA”, c. 1900, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, unmounted gelatin silver print, 15.4 x 20.5 cm. From: PhotoSeed Archive. Right: Displayed as part of the exhibition “Skilled Hands and High Ideals” at Memorial Hall Museum, this 1911 facsimile copy of the Deerfield Industries street map shows open shops for member artisans. Show copy: “These local women became part of an international Arts and Crafts Movement, celebrating the beauty and virtue of handmade items and revitalizing fast-disappearing craft skills. Beginning with the Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework in 1896, Deerfield crafts would soon include basketweaving, metalworking, pottery, furniture making, and more. In the process, Deerfield women transformed an economically depressed agricultural town into a vibrant cultural and tourist center, highlighting its colonial history and selling Deerfield-made crafts across the United States.” Copy photo by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

When I was a young and earnest photojournalist, my guiding philosophy was always to blend into the background and look for “found moments” with my camera. I can still hear myself introducing myself to a subject and telling them to “pretend I’m not here” as I drifted into the background, somehow trying to convince them and myself of a magical ability to disappear. But the working reality over 125 years ago for the Allen sisters was that film emulsions and lenses were not fast enough to capture spur of the moment and fleeting human interactions. Their use of a tripod-mounted view camera and all of the attendant equipment needed on location created a much different reality in approaching an assignment or chasing the waning light of a late fall afternoon. Here’s a quote by the sisters published in 1894 in the pages of The Photo-Beacon, summarizing a few of their working methods. It’s a passage showing their practical nature and endearing me to their hands-off approach:

The merit of posing, which you kindly give us credit for, belongs rather to the models. Our chief virtue is in letting them alone. We usually have better success with children who are not too highly civilized, or too conventionally clothed, or who are too young to be conscious. We give them a general idea of the picture we want, and then let them alone until they forget about us and the drop catches an unconscious pose. They consider it a game, and are always ready to play at it.” (2.)

Embroidery as Art: Left: “Rose Standards, top row & Other Designs”, c. 1900 -1916. The gloved hand of Memorial Hall Museum Curator and Assistant Director Ray Radigan holds one of the thousands of original glass plate negatives taken by the Allen sisters, with this plate showing embroidered designs on cloth. Mary Allen was heavily involved in the Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework when founded in 1896. She was also treasurer of the Society of Deerfield Industriesfor most of the years between 1901 and 1919”. Right: Detail: “The Unicorn”, c. 1920, Margaret C. Whiting, American, 1860-1946, appliquéd and embroidered panel , H. 55″ x W. 28”, Museum online resource copy: “A lone unicorn springs across a secluded glen in what is believed to be the final work of Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework co-founder, Margaret Whiting.  Protected and framed by stately pine trees in the fore- and backgrounds, the illumined clearing is further defined by a series of overlapping hills appliquéd in varying shades of green linen. The needlework’s stylized and carefully arranged woodland motifs foster the sense of emanating quiet.” In 1896, Whiting and Ellen Miller co-founded the Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework. Both: Photos taken June, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

In 1901, Johnston promoted the Allens work in the pages of the Ladies’ Home Journal as part of the recurring feature: “The Foremost Women Photographers in America.” Vignette portraits of the sisters anchored a full page, featuring five of their better known photographs in the July issue. Before their commercial career wound down by 1920, (they continued to sell photographs from their home until 1935) they had made a good living and become well known in Deerfield and regionally for their camera artistry. By late 1918, “an Allen niece told a neighbor that ‘the aunts have eleven National magazines using their pictures this month.’” (3.)

Making a name for themselves with national exposure in the popular press: Left: The December, 1900 cover of Good Housekeeping was the first time the magazine had used a photograph for a cover illustration. The subject was the photographer’s nephew, Frank Allen, looking for goodies inside his Christmas stocking taken the year before. Right: In the recurring magazine feature: “The Foremost Women Photographers in America”, a full page of the Allens photographs along with their vignette portraits appeared in the July, 1901 issue of the Ladies’ Home Journal. The feature had been made possible by American photographer Frances Benjamin Johnston, who began to promote the sisters work beginning in the mid 1890s. Both: online screen grabs: private collection & The University of Michigan.

Essential Monograph & Founding of Historic Deerfield

A lovely volume, The Allen Sisters Pictorial Photographers 1885-1920 (Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association/University Press of New England, 2002) was the proverbial ball that got things rolling for me in looking closer at the Allen Sisters. This monograph, deeply researched, beautifully designed, and published for a traveling exhibition of their work, was organized and written by Suzanne L. Flynt, then curator of the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association.

In a neat occurrence, I learned the author’s husband is the grandson of Historic Deerfield founders Henry and Helen Flynt. After the Allen sisters died, the couple purchased the sisters former home on “The Street,” converting it back to its earlier 18th century architectural origins for their summer home. Unfortunately, other than being known today as The Allen House, nothing remains of the sisters’ life in the home’s interior, other than a general footprint of its late 19th and early 20th century walls. Exterior views, front and back, are unchanged, other than a reconfiguration of a center hall chimney, and I’ve included several historical photographs of the home along with this post, matching them with modern views. Fortunately, the home is occasionally open for tours as part of the larger Old Deerfield visitor experience, which this writer took advantage of. When the Allens lived there, it served as home base for an exhibition space on the first floor, a darkroom in the cellar and studio space with skylight on the back addition. Sixty years after the sisters’ passing, Suzanne Flynt’s monograph would revive national interest in their photography, giving them much deserved acclaim for their work.

A Day Off”, 1913, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, unmounted platinum print, 20.8 x 15.8 | 21.5 x 16.5 cm. In 1913, after a successful session photographing farmhand Dennis Burnett at Mill River (pl. 83), Mary wrote, “I’d rather do country folk at work than anything else in the world. Nothing is more difficult – than to get them in good poses – and unconscious. Dennis B- is a treasure… He has an interesting head – a good bent figure – and is very simple and well bred in manner”. Believed to have been printed around 1920, the orientation of this work has been reversed, compared to plate #83 published in the 2002 volume The Allen Sisters Pictorial Photographers 1885-1920. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Henry Flynt, who was born in Brooklyn and became a lawyer, and his wife incorporated Historic Deerfield in 1952 in the image of Virginia’s Colonial Williamsburg, another living history museum in the US. The Deerfield project, which took form in the late 1930s, was spurred on by their love and preservation of American history when their son in 1936 first attended Deerfield Academy in the town. Unlike Williamsburg, their vision was based on the much earlier English settlement of Deerfield, MA, a town incorporated in 1673. The couple’s passion project led to the town establishing the Old Deerfield Historic District in 1960, and today Historic Deerfield continues to be a vibrant destination and teaching laboratory for early American architecture as well as a showcase for important collections of historical objects, antiques and artwork, some by the Allen sisters. On Henry Flynt’s passing in 1970, the New York Times lauded his vision in part of an editorial:

Approximately 8500 vintage photographs & original glass plate negatives representing 2500 unique images by the Allen sisters are held at Deerfield’s Memorial Hall Museum. Ray Radigan, Curator & Assistant Director, shows off a platinum print: the sisters photograph “Blowing the Fire”, featuring a young Frank Allen using a bellows fireside. Photographed June, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Those who preserve or restore an admirable achievement of the past also serve the future. That is because civilized men and women want to know and understand their own origins. It is not only a deep human impulse but also a sensible recognition of the fact that each generation builds on the accomplishments of all those who have gone before. There is no instant civilization and no way to manufacture a people’s heritage.

In an age of vulgar publicity and hectic impatience for results, it is worth remembering a man like Henry Flynt who took the trouble to rescue what was beautiful and enduring from an earlier age of anger, turmoil and danger.” (4.)

A permanent exhibit featuring several Kodak cameras and view camera lenses used by the Allen sisters is displayed at Memorial Hall Museum. At center is a copy of a c. 1886 photograph of Mary Allen preparing to take an exposure using a view camera, photographed by sister Frances. Among the equipment is a Bausch and Lomb Optical Company lens from around c. 1890 at upper left and Eastman Kodak No 3-A Folding Pocket Camera, Model B-4, at upper right. Some of the museum’s display copy: “As pioneers in the young art of photography, Frances and Mary Allen were famed for their work in the region. They originally shared a single camera, but eventually had at least four between them. Several of their cameras and lenses were manufactured in Rochester, NY, while others came from Boston, and as far away as Paris.” Photograph from June, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Old Deerfield: The Past & Raid

I visited Historic Deerfield several times this year, the first in June after reading the 2024 book The Deerfield Massacre, by James L. Swanson, who sadly passed earlier this year. (5.) I wanted to see and think about the bigger picture of the town’s history as I walked down its leafy main street. The volume is required reading for those wishing to learn more about the background and aftermath of what led to the surprise 1704 attack on Deerfield by French and Native American forces during Queen Anne’s War that killed 47 colonists.

The Allen sisters, by blood, were connected to the tragedy. Mary Allen, writing in 1892, shared her childhood impressions:

The first tales of adventure which we who are Deerfield children heard were the stories our grandfathers lived. I remember lying on the floor, before the open Franklin stove, and reading by the firelight a worn copy of Hoyt’s ‘Antiquarian Researches.’ The book opened of its own accord to the account of the slaying of my own great-great-grandfather by the Indians. The touch of the bloody tomahawk conferred knighthood and renown on its victim. The honors which I tried to bear with modesty are borne by many Deerfield children.” (6.)

On Display & in Storage: At Memorial Hall Museum, a yearly, revolving  gallery of images are displayed on a specific theme. The current show is called: Allen Sisters on “The Street.” Left: From around c. 1900, the framed photograph “Calls in Cranford”, an homage to English author Elizabeth Gaskell’s novel Cranford, shows a woman in period clothing walking down steps to a home on the Street. Top: An original 18th century “skeleton suit” made of calico printed cotton c. 1792 is framed along with the 1897 Allen sisters photograph “An Old-Fashioned Boy”, showing Carl Allen wearing the suit seated on a chair. Bottom: In storage, museum curator Ray Radigan adjusts the fingers of Frances Allen’s “alphabet glove” (a reproduction) used to aid her deafness beginning in the early 1930s. The museum occasionally uses the glove as a teaching aid in telling the Allen sisters story. Photographs from June, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Also known as the Raid on Deerfield, 112 town residents were taken captive and forced to march in the winter snow to Montreal, 300 miles distant. As is true for all of what eventually became known as the United States, the lands in and around what became the future Deerfield were inhabited by native peoples. The indigenous Pocumtuck nation had long settled this area, with the town later “originally established as a grant of land to the residents of Dedham, Massachusetts, who had given land to the Massachusetts Bay Colony for the purpose of settling Christianized Indians.”(7.) It’s hard to believe today, but this area in western Massachusetts was once on the western frontier of English settlement, long before the boundaries of the American continent could even be delineated or a Declaration of Independence written on parchment.

Record of a Brief Life, by Pen & Camera: Correspondence by the Allens, including letters and at least four diaries by Mary Allen, are held in the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association Library. Left: Detail from diary entry by Mary Allen on October 5, 1913: “Mrs. Thayer came in late to tell us that little Roana Andrews died this afternoon, of Cholera Infantum. She was running around out of doors- barefoot and scantily clad yesterday and ate watermelon. She has been ailing for a few days and her mother had not considered her sick – until she found her unconscious this morn (?) and sent for the doctor. She was dying-only lived a few hours – It was a great shock to everybody, – the little things ran around like the herd of ducks, with little more attention – Vera said she moaned and called for water the night before but no one paid much attention; Poor little (?) ! She was a (cunning – curious?) thing. Frances has been taking pictures of her lately, over and over- She had more flavor in her looks (?) than most of them.Roana W. Andrews: 1911-1913. Photograph of diary page by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive, courtesy PVMA Library. Right: “Roana Sweeping”, 1913, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, mounted platinum print. Frances Allen photographed 2 1/2 year old Roana Andrews only days before her death. Roana is caught in the moment of sweeping stepping stones using a small broom. Photograph Courtesy Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association’s Memorial Hall Museum, Deerfield, MA

Complicated is an understatement, and generational family members tracing their lineage to the 1704 raid and earlier still live in this upper Connecticut River Valley area. A most unusual relic from the raid, that of the battle-axe scarred front door from the former Ensign John Sheldon house survives. The home was razed in 1848, with a replica of the so-called “Old Indian House” erected in 1929 on a different parcel along the main street. American history pilgrims can view the door, part of a little known event shaping the country’s founding, on the second floor of Memorial Hall Museum in Old Deerfield. One interesting bit: Deerfield residents had actually tried saving the Sheldon house from destruction, their efforts of cultural preservation coalescing in 1870 with the founding of the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association. Today, PVMA, as part of its mission statement, “purposely chooses to remember and honor the Pocumtuck People and their homeland with the organization’s legal name. PVMA today recognizes the damage inflicted by colonial settlement and seeks to go further by interpreting these difficult histories from culturally diverse, nuanced, and inclusive perspectives.”

The Raid on Deerfield: The Deerfield story was shaped by a surprise 1704 attack by French and Native American forces during Queen Anne’s War that killed 47 colonists in the English village. Left: “Old Sheldon House Door”, this battle-axe scarred front door from the former Ensign John Sheldon house is the centerpiece exhibit at Memorial Hall Museum in Old Deerfield. Top Right: “John Sheldon House 1848”, George Washington Mark, American, 1795-1879. Displayed in the museum is this oil painting of the former home executed the same year it was razed. Mark was a Greenfield, MA folk artist and house painter. Middle Right: In 1929, a replica of the so-called “Old Indian House” was built on a different parcel along the main street in Deerfield. It’s known today as the Indian House Children’s Museum. All: photographed June, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom Right: Infamous, due to the Raid on Deerfield, countless artistic depictions of the Sheldon home survive, including this likely juvenile or folk art depiction by an unknown hand c. 1850-1900. The work descends from the estate of Samuel Burbank Williams, 1843-1927, whose Deerfield lineage descends to Ephraim Williams, 1691-1754, whose son Ephraim Williams Jr. was the founder of Williams College. From: PhotoSeed Archive

A collaborative effort with Historic Deerfield who manage these resources as “Memorial Libraries,”the PVMA operates the Memorial Hall Museum and its library: one of the oldest American history museums in the US and repository for over 8500 Allen sisters photographs & original glass plate negatives representing 2500 unique images.

Changing Homes of the Street: Top: “Deerfield Street: Childs House”, c. 1901-1910, unknown American photographer, (possibly Allen sisters who were known to produce cyanotypes of Deerfield), masked cyanotype printed on rppc, 5.7 x 10.0 | 8.7 x 13.8 cm. Dating to around c. 1798, this home was built by David Sheldon (1770-1841) and came to be known later as the “Pink House”: photographer Emma Coleman in her 1907 guidebook calling it “the ‘pink house’ (which was red long ago)”. At the turn of the 20th century, the house was known as the Childs House, named for owners Samuel Childs IV: 1843-1906, and his wife, Mary Ann Vincent Childs: 1854-1938. Memorial Hall Museum Curator & Assistant Director Ray Radigan commented on this photo: “As for dating the photo, the telephone pole and a barely visible trolley track indicate that the photo was taken no earlier than 1901 when the electric trolley was installed in Deerfield.” From: PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom: The home in the present day. Located at 92 Old Main Street in Deerfield, its been owned by the trustees of Deerfield Academy since 1977. Photographed October, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Old Deerfield: The Present

Today, a stroll down “The Street” is a rare occurrence in modern-day America. I’m being a bit flip here of course but that’s because “progress” in this country inevitably involves heavy equipment erasing the past for a new shiny present. Not so in Old Deerfield. The majority of the homes on either side are later 18th and early 19th century in origin, with many of these Federal and later period homes accessible to tour via a Historic Deerfield day ticket. I’ve managed to pair up several “before” photographs taken by the Allens with similar vantage points in the present. Mary Allen’s view of the Manse, also known as the Willard house, as well as a photo credited to the sisters of the front door of the John Williams house, (named for Reverend John Williams, survivor of the 1704 raid) should give you a bit of the flavor of this truly old, at least for us, American town.

Grandpa!”, c. 1912, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, unmounted platinum print, 20.8 x 15.9 | 21.5 x 16.4 cm. Taking a moment while leaning on his rake or walking stick, Deerfield resident Benjamin Zebina Stebbins (1827-1912) speaks with his quizzical granddaughter. From: PhotoSeed Archive

If you enjoy museums like I do, it can sometimes be a letdown when visiting one where hardly any photographs are exhibited. I frequently grumble to my wife when exiting nearly any art museum on our travels: “really wonderful, but why not a few photographs on the walls?” Sadly, that seems to be the norm. Not so at Memorial Hall Museum in Old Deerfield. The oldest museum in Western Massachusetts, here you will find vintage photographs by the sisters on permanent display. In the Suzanne L. Flynt Gallery, a hallway exhibition space, a yearly, revolving  gallery of images are displayed on a specific theme. The current show is called: Allen Sisters onThe Street.” Some of the exhibit’s introductory wall text:

It’s hard not to see Deerfield through the Allen sisters’ lens. Frances and Mary Allen used the village as a backdrop in thousands of photographs. These sentimental scenes of days gone by were a mix of truth and fiction. In many photographs they posed friends, family, and neighbors, often including colonial-era costumes and props from local attics. These images were instrumental in shaping Deerfield’s historical image, and contributed to a lasting legacy of its collective memory of its past.

Changing Views on the Street: Top: A present-day view of Deerfield’s First Church at far left and the Manse at right, photographed in October, 2025. Old Main Street runs between the two. This Georgian mansion, also known as the Willard House, is used today as the residence for the Head of School of Deerfield Academy. David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive. Bottom: “Willard House (Manse at Deerfield Academy)”, 1892 or before, Mary Electa Allen, American, 1858-1941, unmounted platinum print, 11.3 x 19.0 cm. Mary Allen photographed the Manse in 1892 or before, as a variant without the First Church (built 1824) appeared in the illustrated article Old Deerfield, written by her for the September, 1892 issue of The New England Magazine. Built in 1768 but incorporating an earlier structure from around 1694, the Georgian mansion (for mansion house) was purchased in 1811 by the Rev. Samuel Willard, the first Unitarian Minister in Western Massachusetts. From: PhotoSeed Archive.

The museum also features a permanent display case with two Kodak cameras used by the Allen sisters later in their career, along with some of their earlier view camera lenses and lens boards. But I’ve saved the best for last. I met with Ray Radigan, the museum’s Curator & Assistant Director, (8.) several times in preparation for this post. Ever patient and accommodating, Ray, donning white gloves as needed, gave me a peek inside the ultimate Allen sisters archive: a special storage area within the museum. This is where shelved acid-free boxes hold a treasure trove: thousands of carefully matted and loose vintage examples of the Allen sisters life work and equal number of their extant glass plate negatives.

A Deerfield Door, Revisited: Left: “Williams Door”, ca. 1895-1905, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, unmounted platinum print, 20.2 x 12.7 cm. Built 1760, this home is named after Rev. John Williams, (1664-1729) who wrote “The Redeemed Captive”, an account of captivity by the Mohawk in Canada after a forced march after the Deerfield Raid of 1704 during Queen Anne’s War. The door was built from old-growth, eastern white pine by joiner Samuel Partridge. From: PhotoSeed Archive. Right: “Williams Door in 2025”, a replacement door has been in place on the front of the Rev. John Williams House since 2001, fashioned from the Partridge original. The home is owned by Deerfield Academy, a private boarding school founded in 1797 whose school seal features the door. Photographed June, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive

Rev. John Williams House (1760)”, ca. 1900-10, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, gelatin silver rppc, (KRUXO?) 1910-20), 7.0 x 13.2 | 8.7 x 13.8 cm (verso: ALLEN, DEERFIELD, MASS, RIGHTS RESERVED) Built 1760, this home is named after Rev. John Williams, (1664-1729) who wrote “The Redeemed Captive”, an account of captivity by the Mohawk in Canada after a forced march after the Deerfield Raid of 1704 during Queen Anne’s War. The following from Historic Buildings of Massachusetts : “His new house replaced the one destroyed in the raid. The current Williams House was actually built in 1760 on the site of the 1707 house by Rev. John Williams’ son, Elijah Williams, who was a shopkeeper and tavern-owner. When the house was in danger of being torn down in 1877, Deerfield historian George Sheldon wrote a series of articles (collected in the book The Rev. John Williams House, published in 1918) that raised awareness of the home’s importance and helped save it from destruction. Today the house is used by Deerfield Academy as the Elijah Williams Dormitory.” From: PhotoSeed Archive

Uncovering Details: Left: “A Holbein Woman”, 1890, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, mounted gelatin silver print: 20.1 x 16.3 cm | 35.2 x 27.8 cm. With overmat of primary mount removed, this signature portrait of the artists mother, Mary Stebbins Allen, 1819-1903, reveals graphite framing marginalia: some inverted along lower margin by an unknown hand: “FS Allen and ME Allen; opposite margin: 1- 16 1/4 x 18 Gray Mat Board Frame”. The work was exhibited in an unknown salon during the mid to late 1890’s. Upper Right: Example of an Allen sisters black ink stamp on verso of vintage platinum print: .9 x 4.0 cm. Notice inclusion of partial fingerprint at upper right. Lower Right: Verso: “The Hall and Staircase at “The Manse”, 1900-1910, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, unmounted platinum print: 17.7 x 12.6 cm. Ownership history, various publication marginalia and stamps, including by the Allen sisters, nearly fills up the verso of this photograph. All: PhotoSeed Archive

One very good insight he shared was that even with their involvement as artisans affiliated with the Deerfield Society of Arts and Crafts (founded 1901) as well as their earlier engagement with the Deerfield Society of Blue and White Needlework, (founded 1896) their medium of photography was technically advanced for its time and very modern indeed, especially pictorialist art photography. In this respect, Ray made the argument the Allen sisters were pushing the limit in what could then be achieved by photography. This was in contrast to the confluence of a new found interest in the Colonial revival and regional arts and crafts activity then taking place in Old Deerfield, defined by Ray’s employer, the PVMA , as “a movement that encouraged a return to hand craftsmanship, simplicity of design, and honesty of materials.”

Marketing Venture: Left: “Girl Holding Apple”, c. 1978-81 print from c. 1900-10 negative, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, gelatin silver print, 21.9 x 16.5 | 25.1 x 20.2 cm. (work may be known as “For Teacher” in AS catalogue) Between 1978-81, the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association marketed the Allen sisters work through Gates & Tripp, a Boston gallery located in Faneuil Hall marketplace. Archivally printed and priced at $20.00 per print, photographs were contact printed from their original glass plate negatives or internegatives made by Sal Lopes of the Olmo Studio, Newport, Rhode Island & presented within 12 x 15” white rag mats. A three-year contract between PVMA and the gallery was signed in May, 1978 with the stipulation 7% of the sale price of each print was paid back as a royalty. Library records from PVMA library show that from November 16 – December 31, 1978, the gallery sold 67 prints from plate size (8 x10”), an additional 13 larger prints sold matted to 16×20”, and six platinum prints (from an edition limited to 100 prints) sold at $60.00. PVMA loaned 124 negatives as part of the contract, with $141.75 paid as royalties the first year. Interestingly, the 1978 G&T promotional brochure “A New England Vision 1880-1930”, featuring platinum prints by the Allens and Martha Hale Harvey misspelled Mary Allens name as  “Mary Electra Allen”, something that continues today. From: PhotoSeed Archive. Right: ca. 1978 “Gates & Tripp Historical Photography” promotional brochure opened to Allen sisters spread. “Girl Holding Apple”, stock #AS 21, reproduced at upper right corner. Photo of spread taken October, 2025 by David Spencer for PhotoSeed Archive, courtesy PVMA Library.

The Allen sisters may have worked in a silent world but left unsaid is the daily influence of the larger community of Deerfield family and neighbors they worked and lived with. Combined with their super power of astute observation and the reality of their deafness, these became guiding forces that enabled a defining vision for Frances and Mary Allen producing a body of work still relevant and beautiful today.

Dorothy”, 1909, Frances & Mary Allen, American, 1854-1941 & 1858-1941, unmounted platinum print, 20.6 x 15.5 | 21.2 x 16.2 cm. Most likely taken in late 1909 based on the child’s age, Deerfield resident Dorothy Andrews (Dorothy Bennett Andrews Parmeter: 1908-2005.) is photographed looking away from the camera while instructed by the Allen sisters to cradle her head. Delicate profile views like this of a neighborhood child places the Allens in rarefied company: select practitioners of early 20th century artistic pictorial photography. From: PhotoSeed Archive

This is the first of a two-part post on the Allen sisters of Deerfield Massachusetts. The second will focus on their involvement with the Deerfield town pageants of the early 20th Century promoting the town’s rich history.

Notes:

  1. Exhibition of the Arts and Crafts in the Martha Pratt Memorial” History and Proceedings of the Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association, 1899-1904, Vol. IV, (MA: Deerfield), 1905, 277.
  2. Excerpt quote: The Allen Sisters pictorial Photographers 1885-1920, Pocumtuck Valley Memorial Association/University Press of New England, 2002, p. 27.
  3. Ibid, p. 44.
  4. Excerpt: Flynt of Deerfield, The New York Times, August 15, 1970.
  5. James L. Swanson was also an American historian and author of the 2006 book Manhunt: The 12-Day Chase for Lincoln’s Killer. (released as a miniseries produced for Apple TV+ in 2024).
  6. Excerpt, Old Deerfield, Mary E. Allen, New England Magazine: An Illustrated Monthly, September, 1892, p. 34.
  7. Historic Deerfield, Wikipedia accessed 2025
  8. In his spare time, Ray is an accomplished children’s book illustrator.

Sea & Shore

Jul 2025 | Alternate Processes, Childhood Photography, Documentary Photography, New Additions, Photographic Postcards, Photography, Unknown Photographers

A collection of (mostly) summertime views from the archive to whet your appetite for a Sea & Shore pilgrimage. Let our collection of lighthouse images guide the way…

A Girl & her Dog at Riverside”, 1887, gelatin silver print, Susan Higginson Bowditch Long, American: 1857-1935: 9.7 x 12.2 cm. The subject of this charming shoreline view may be the artist’s first born child: Helen Bowditch Long Patterson, 1881-1956, who stands patiently with her spaniel atop a barnacle-encrusted boulder. From a series of candid photographs believed to have been taken by the artist compiled in a late 19th Century album bearing the armorial bookplate of her spouse Harry Vinton Long, 1857-1949. Long attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1876-77 and she later worked closely in 1909 with the Olmstead Brothers- successors to famed landscape architect Frederick Law Olmstead Sr.- in designing the extensive gardens for her family’s summer estate on Little White Head Island at Cohasset, MA. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Isles of Shoals, August 1887: Susan Higginson Bowditch Long & Camera” 1887, gelatin silver print, unknown American photographer: 8.9 x 11.4 | 11.5 x 13.7 cm. The photographer Susan Long holds a dark cloth while preparing to take photographs with her tripod-mounted plate camera on one of the islands of the Isles of Shoals, a group of small islands and tidal ledges located approximately 6 miles off the east coast of the United States between the border of Maine and New Hampshire. A line of sailboats are seen on the horizon behind her. From a series of candid photographs believed to have been taken by the artist (this by an unknown artist-probably a family member) compiled in a late 19th Century album bearing the armorial bookplate of Long’s spouse Harry Vinton Long, 1857-1949. Long attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1876-77 and she later worked closely in 1909 with the Olmstead Brothers- successors to famed landscape architect Frederick Law Olmstead Sr.- in designing the extensive gardens for her family’s summer estate on Little White Head Island at Cohasset, MA. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Children Play at Spot Pond, July 10, 1887”, gelatin silver print, Susan Higginson Bowditch Long, American: 1857-1935: 9.4 x 12.1 cm. Striking a grin and looking back towards the camera at center of this hand-holding trio may be the artist’s first born child: Helen Bowditch Long Patterson, 1881-1956. Actually a lake, Spot Pond is located “in Middlesex County, in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The pond is within the Middlesex Fells Reservation, a Massachusetts state park. It is almost entirely located within the boundaries of Stoneham, Massachusetts. Spot Pond was named in 1632 by colonial governor John Winthrop.” From a series of candid photographs believed to have been taken by the artist compiled in a late 19th Century album bearing the armorial bookplate of her spouse Harry Vinton Long, 1857-1949. Long attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1876-77 and she later worked closely in 1909 with the Olmstead Brothers- successors to famed landscape architect Frederick Law Olmstead Sr.- in designing the extensive gardens for her family’s summer estate on Little White Head Island at Cohasset, MA. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Diving Rock, Warrens Point, Little Compton, Rhode Island”, 1906, album-mounted platinum print, Alfred Wayland Cutting, American, 1860-1935, 23.0 x 19.0 | 27.8 x 34.5 cm. A diver at center prepares to launch himself off this rock outcropping at Warrens Point, with the beach in the background. Guide ropes attached to the rock face aid those who want to ascend more easily from the water. Location derived from an rppc held by the Little Compton Historical Society. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Dories at Low Tide: Ipswich River”, ca. 1895-1905, unposted cyanotype postcard, George G. Dexter, American, 1862-1927, 7.9 x 13.8 cm. A contemporary of famed Ipswich artist Arthur Wesley Dow, who also employed the cyanotype process taken during the 1890’s, Dexter was undoubtedly influenced by him, and both took photographs of boats like these along the Ipswich River. In the 1896 edition of the Directory of the The Town of Ipswich, he took out an advertisement proclaiming himself “Dexter The Photographer”: “The facts that we always guarantee perfect satisfaction, are willing to devote enough time to each sitting; to secure the best results; have one of the most throughly (sic) equipped studios in the state and are always Up-to-Date with new styles, account for our continued increase of work.” From: PhotoSeed Archive

Canoe Sailing on Lake George”, ca. 1889, bromide print, W. P. Atwood, American, 1853-1954, 12.2 x 16.9 | 20.5 x 26.0 cm | overmat: 27.9 x 35.5 cm. William Preston Atwood was president of the Lowell (MA) Camera Club around the time this marine view of Lake George was taken, with Anthony’s Photographic Bulletin commenting in April, 1889 that “W. P. Atwood, of Lowell Camera Club, had four gems of scenery at Nantucket and Lake George, with particularly fine effects in the clouds. “Marblehead Rocks” and “Summer Afternoon, Lake George” were, in our opinion, the best of a fine exhibit.” The location of the photograph is also significant in the history of the sport of canoeing in the United States. The American Canoe Association statesIn 1880, the canoeists who vacationed in the Lake George – Lake Champlain area of New York State recognized the rising tide of interest in canoeing and issued a call for a Convention of Canoeists.  The result was the formation of the American Canoe Association on August 3, 1880  on the shores of Lake George, New York by 24 charter members.” From: PhotoSeed Archive

George at Lake George”, ca. 1900-10, cyanotype print, unknown American photographer, 14.5 x 19.1 cm. Appropriately named George, this gentleman sits with hat by side taking in the (likely early-morning) reflective, glassy surface view of Lake George in upstate New York.  In the background, a series of rustic wooden bridges are seen connecting several small islands jutting out into the lake. At the time visitors like George took in the Adirondack views in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Lake George was more a playground of the rich than for those with limited travel and vacation budgets. This changed drastically after World War II, and today the lake and surrounding Adirondack State Park supports a large summer tourist and residential community. The 32 mile-long narrow lake is dotted with 170 islands, with the majority owned by the state of New York. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Forget selling those seashells…“Children with Matching Straw Hats at Seashore”, ca. 1905-10, unposted cyanotype divided back postcard, unknown American photographer, 10.4 x 6.1 | 13.9 x 8.8 cm. For children especially, the timeless fascination of staring at the summer sea is enhanced by the matching fancy of identical straw sun hats. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Child Raking for Clams”, ca. 1910-20, mounted bromide print, Arthur Hammond, American: born England: 1880-1962, 23.5 x 18.5 cm on black-paper album page 25.0 x 32.6 cm. A young boy, believed to be the same subject in Hammond’s study “Child Gazing in Fish Bowl” uses a long-handled rake while searching for clams, with several gathered in a small tin near the subject’s feet. The photograph may have been taken along Boston’s North Shore, with other maritime album images identified as the old Deer Island lighthouse in Boston Harbor and the original building for the Jubilee Yacht Club in Beverly Mass. Born in London, the artist arrived in America at Ellis Island in New York Harbor on July 31, 1909, establishing his own studio in Natick, MA by 1912. In 1920, he authored the foundational book “Pictorial Composition in Photography” and became a leading voice for pictorialism in America through his position as associate editor of American Photography magazine that lasted 30 years from 1918-1949. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Deer Island Light, Boston Harbor”, ca. 1910-20, mounted bromide print, Arthur Hammond, American: born England: 1880-1962, 18.7 x 23.9 cm on black-paper album page 25.0 x 32.6 cm. Perhaps an early morning view, with the Sun shrouded by fog on the horizon, the Deer Island Lighthouse emerges from Boston Harbor, firmly planted on a reef extending 1500’ south of Deer Island. Originally a stone beacon when established in 1832, it was replaced by this “sparkplug” type lighthouse in 1890, which survived until being replaced by a fiberglass tower in 1982. Wikipedia states “the 1890 light cost about $50,000. It included a three-story dwelling, a veranda with boat davits, and a circular parapet. The water supply was a cistern in the base of the structure. A spiral staircase ran from the cellar to the top floor. It had a fixed white light, which was changed to flashing red every thirty seconds and then to the present alternating red and white flashes.” From: PhotoSeed Archive

Waves Crashing on Rocky Coastline”, ca. 1910-20, mounted bromide print, Arthur Hammond, American: born England: 1880-1962, 18.2 x 23.9 cm on black-paper album page 25.0 x 32.6 cm. Large rock formations are buffeted by waves, perhaps in one of Boston’s north shore communities of Marblehead or Gloucester. Born in London, the artist arrived in America at Ellis Island in New York Harbor on July 31, 1909, establishing his own studio in Natick, MA 1912. In 1920, he authored the foundational volume “Pictorial Composition in Photography” and became a leading voice for pictorialism in America through his position as associate editor of American Photography magazine lasting 30 years from 1918-1949. From: PhotoSeed Archive

Highland Light, Truro”, 1900, album-mountain gelatin silver print, Phillip Patterson Wells, American, 1868-1929, 8.2 x 8.3 | 16.3 x 20.9 cm. A horse-drawn carriage prepares to depart from the Truro Lighthouse in the summer of 1900. The current lighthouse “was erected in 1857, replacing two earlier towers that had been built in 1797 and 1831. It is the oldest and tallest lighthouse on Cape Cod.” From a summer album containing Truro images and others by Philip Patterson Wells, who vacationed with his family on Truro. Dr. Patterson was librarian and instructor at Yale Law School for several years, and chief law officer under Gifford Pinchot for the U. S. Forestry Service, 1907-1910, counsel National Conservation Association, 1910-1911, chief law officer U. S. Reclamation Service (Department of the Interior), 1911-1913. From: PhotoSeed Archive

The Two Lights” 1890, hand-pulled photogravure plate, Charles R. White, American, 13.8 x 19.0 | 21.6 x 29.5 cm. Originally built in 1828 as two rubble stone towers 300 yards (270 m) apart, the Cape Elizabeth lighthouse is located at the southwestern entrance to Casco Bay in the US state of Maine. The lights were replaced in 1874 by “two conical towers made of cast-iron, each 67 feet (20 m) high and 129 feet (39 m) above sea level. Despite its twin beacons, Cape Elizabeth witnessed many shipwrecks.” Only the eastern tower at right still serves as a lighthouse, made famous by American artist Edward Hopper’s paintings “Lighthouse Hill” (1927) and “The Lighthouse at Two Lights”. (1929) Published in the gravure plate volume By the Sea by the Lakeside Press in 1890, The Two Lights was accompanied by the following poem: The waves dash high with tempestuous roar, | Surging in billows adown the Cape shore, | Rocking on reefs the bell buoys to tone, | Mingling in sea mists the fog horns’ trombone; | And where high on the rock-ribbed shore | The Two Light towers their red fires pour, | There at last from turmoil blest, | The waves in ocean’s calm find rest. From: PhotoSeed Archive

The Oldest Light-house Keeper on the Coast”, ca. 1895-1900, 1904 posted cyanotype postcard, George G. Dexter, American, 1862-1927, 7.9 x 14.0 cm. Captain Benjamin Noyes Ellsworth, 1813-1902, appointed keeper of the Ipswich lighthouse by US President Abraham Lincoln in 1861, looks out to the sea in Ipswich, Massachusetts. The photograph was taken by Dexter most likely at the very end of the 19th or early 20th century. In the 1896 edition of the Directory of the The Town of Ipswich, the artist took out an advertisement proclaiming himself “Dexter The Photographer”: “The facts that we always guarantee perfect satisfaction, are willing to devote enough time to each sitting; to secure the best results; have one of the most throughly (sic) equipped studios in the state and are always Up-to-Date with new styles, account for our continued increase of work.” From: PhotoSeed Archive

Black, White and Blue all Over

Apr 2013 | Photographic Postcards, Publishing, Texts

Beyond the Tweets, texts and messaging saturating our present-day social media culture-recently extending even to software giving a smartphone user the ability to view a photograph just once before it disappears into the ether forever, (Snapchat et al apps) the endurance, value and cultural importance of the printed word and photograph need be considered-indeed marveled at-for the historical record and of course for posterity itself.

“The Little Country Paper”: vintage cyanotype postcard (recto) with inked handwriting posted October, 1906 from Lisbon, New Hampshire to Littleton, N.H. by Arthur W. Buffington (b. 1868) to his son Harold A. Buffington (1886-1976) : 8.8 x 13.9 cm: image: 6.8 x 5.0 cm: PhotoSeed Archive

Consider today’s example, a postcard featuring an original cyanotype photograph of a well-dressed gentleman reading a newspaper. Addressed and posted to Harold A. Buffington of Littleton, New Hampshire in October, 1906, (1.) this simple and lasting form of communication is signed  “Papa”, (2.) with the suggestion for his son to come over on Sunday for a visit in order to enjoy a slice of pumpkin pie.

Before getting to the nut graph as they say in newspaper lingo, “Papa”: aka Arthur W. Buffington, (b. 1868) begins his correspondence with a quote from a well known (at least for its time) story celebrating the importance of small town rags everywhere. It might not be surprising given his listed occupation as a printer for the 1900 U.S. Census. Owner of the Buffington Press in Littleton during this period, (they printed cookbooks among other volumes) he writes on the postcard:

The Little Country Paper

It tells of all the parties an’ the balls of Pumpkin Row‘Bout who’s spent Sunday with who’s girl, an’ how the crops’ll grow.An’ how it keeps a feller posted ‘bout who’s up and who’s down.That little country paper from his ol’ Home Town.


This entire “story” seems to have originated around 1903 or before by someone writing for the Denver Post newspaper in Colorado. I’ve taken the liberty to include it in its entirety at the end of this post (as it originally appeared) along with another similarly titled “story” I discovered from the era . And the juicy part? “Papa” writes:

Come down Sunday. Mamma has made a whole pumpkin pie and I have only had one piece out of it. (you can divide your piece with L. O and mamma and Ray don’t like punkin very well!)  Papa.


In addition to the slice of pie he presumably ate, the postcard might have even inspired Harold Buffington to get ink in his blood like his father, for he is listed in the 1940 U.S. Census as a printer for the Courier office, still known today as the Littleton Courier, a weekly newspaper published since 1889.

The Little Country Paper

When the evenin’ shades is fallin’ at the endin’ o’  the day, An’ a feller rests from labor, smokin’ at his pipe o’ clay. There’s nothin’ does him so much good, be fortune up or down, As the little country paper from his O’l Home Town.
It ain’t a thing o’ beauty an’ its print ain’t always clean. But it straightens out his temper when a feller’s feelin’ mean. It takes the wrinkles off his face an’ brushes off the frown. That little country paper from his Ol’ Home Town.
It tells of all the parties an’ the balls of Pumpkin Row. ‘Bout who spent Sunday with who’s girl an’ how th’ crops’ll grow. An’ how it keeps a feller posted ‘bout who’s up an’ who is down. That little country paper from his O’l Home Town.
Now, I like to read the dailies an’ the story papers too. An’ at times the yaller novels an’ some other trash—don’t you? But when I want some readin’ that’ll brush away a frown I want that little paper from my O’l Home Town.  (3.)

The following with the same title originated in the Baltimore (MD) American newspaper in 1900 or before, and may have inspired the Denver Post account of The Little Country Paper:

The Little Country Paper

It’s just a little paper-it isn’t up to date:
It hasn’t any supplement or colored fashion plate.
It comes out every Friday, unless the forms are pied;
The outside is home printed, with boiler-plate inside.
It hasn’t any cable direct from old Bombay,
But it says that “Colonel Braggins is in our midst to-day.”
It doesn’t seem to worry about affairs of state.
But tells that “Joseph Hawkins has painted his front gate.”
It never mentions Kruger or Joseph Chamberlain.
But says that “Thompson’s grocery has a new window pane.”
And that “the Mission Workers will give a festival.
And there’ll be a temperance lecture in William Hooper’s hall.”
It tells about the measles that Jimmy Hankins had.
And says that Israel Johnson “has become a happy dad.”
It says that “cider-making is shortly to commence.”
And cites the fact that Ira Todd is building a new fence.
It mentions Dewey’s coming in one brief paragraph, And says that “Charlie Trimble has sold a yearling calf.” And everything that happens within that little town The man who runs the paper has plainly jotted down.
Some people make fun of it, but, honestly, I like To learn that “work is booming upon the Jimtown pike.”
It’s just a little paper—it hasn’t much to say—
But as long as it is printed I hope it comes my way. (4.)

-30-

Printed postcard (verso) addressed to Harold A. Buffington, Littleton, New Hampshire: 8.8 x 13.9 cm: Posted: Lisbon, N.H., October 1906: PhotoSeed Archive

Notes

1. It is believed the gentleman in the cyanotype photograph reading the newspaper is also the recipient of the postcard: Harold A. Buffington, a student who would have been 20 years old in 1906. (b.: September 12, 1886 | d. March, 1976. source: Crestleaf)
2. “Papa” was Arthur W. Buffington (b. 1868) who lived in Lisbon, New Hampshire at the time he mailed this postcard
3. The Little Country Paper: Denver Post: reprinted in the Mansfield (OH) News: Saturday, October 24, 1903
4. Newspaper Verse: Selections Grave and Gay: Current Literature-A Magazine of Record and Review: New York: Vol. XXVIII: April-June, 1900: pp. 192-93